Goulet, Linda (1995). Implementing Indian Curriculum in Indian Teacher Education: The Student Teacher's Perspective. Journal of Professional Studies, v3 n1 p11-20 Fall-Win. Interviews with Canada Native student teachers asked them to reflect on their practice following a final practicum at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College. Results showed that they were using techniques appropriate to Indian education, though they felt there were additional areas of need in their preparation. (SM)…

Frost, Timothy; Gray, Lauren; Lake, John; Roy, Jessica (2007). Educational and Social Development in Doi Ang Khang: A Comparative Study of the Khob Dong and Nor Lae Villages. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, v14 p99-129 Mar. Northern Thailand is home to many hill tribes, who have lived for hundreds of years as subsistence farmers or nomadic hunters. In the 1940s, communist insurgencies drove many hill tribes from China, Burma, and other nations south into northern Thailand. Uprooted from their native lands, the hill tribes left behind ties to economic resources and, to compensate, many turned to the growth of the opium poppy as a cash crop. The growth and sale of opium endangered their lives and those of the citizens of the surrounding countries, and slash and burn farming methods resulted in environmental degradation. In 1969, the Thai government formed the Royal Projects to address this situation. The Royal Project Foundation then expanded its development efforts with the establishment of the Education and Social Development Projects (ESDPs), which seek to implement sustainable social services within the villages, and have been largely successful in hill tribe villages. The authors' research assessed… [PDF] [PDF]

Siegel, Jeff, Ed. (1992). Pidgins, Creoles and Nonstandard Dialects in Education. Occasional Paper Number 12. Nine papers present either discussion of the issues or practical answers to the issues of nonstandard dialects, pidgins, and creoles in the classroom. They include: "The Case Against a Transfer Bilingual Program of Torres Strait Creole to English in Torres Strait Schools" (Anna Shnukal); "Summary: A Survey of Teachers' Attitudes Towards the Use of Tok Pisin in Community Schools in Papua New Guinea" (Joseph Alfred Nidue); "English in the Education of Speakers of Aboriginal English" (Ian G. Malcolm); "Kriol and Education in the Kimberley" (Margaret Mickan); "Teaching Initial Literacy in a Pidgin Language: A Preliminary Evaluation" (Jeff Siegel); "Reading Creole English Does Not Destroy Your Brain Cells!" (Ronald Kephart); "Teaching English to Kriol Speakers: The Kartiya Game" (Gary Ovington); "Educating Speakers of Caribbean English Creole in the United States" (Katherine Fischer); and "Summary:…

Chase, Mackie; Macfadyen, Leah P.; Reeder, Kenneth; Roche, Jorg (2004). Negotiating Cultures in Cyberspace: Participation Patterns and Problematics. Language Learning & Technology, v8 n2 p88-105 May. In this paper we report findings of a multidisciplinary study of online participation by culturally diverse participants in a distance adult education course offered in Canada and examine in detail three of the study's findings. First, we explore both the historical and cultural origins of "cyberculture values" as manifested in our findings, using the notions of explicit and implicit enforcement of those values and challenging the assumption that cyberspace is a culture free zone. Second, we examine the notion of cultural gaps between participants in the course and the potential consequences for online communication successes and difficulties. Third, the analysis describes variations in participation frequency as a function of broad cultural groupings in our data. We identify the need for additional research, primarily in the form of larger scale comparisons across cultural groups of patterns of participation and interaction, but also in the form of case studies that can be… [Direct]

Figueira, Anna; Manuelito, Kathryn; Trujillo, Octaviana V.; Viri, Denis (2003). Native Educators Interface with Culture and Language in Schooling. The first year of an ongoing 3-year study focused on the attitudes of Native American preservice teachers toward the inclusion of language and culture in schooling, how teacher preparation programs impact these attitudes, and components of teacher education programs that meet the needs of Native students. Data were gathered via surveys of 232 American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian preservice teachers enrolled in 27 teacher preparation programs in 12 states; interviews with program directors; and document analysis. Fifteen of the programs were based at tribal colleges. Preliminary results indicate that the vast majority of the sample felt that Native language and culture should be included, in some manner, in the schooling of Native students. However, only a very small percentage of respondents felt professionally prepared for this undertaking as they approached their induction year as teachers. Slightly more than half of the teacher education programs focused… [PDF]

Stiffarm, Lenore A., Ed. (1998). As We See…Aboriginal Pedagogy. For many years, Aboriginal knowledge was invalidated by Western ways of knowing. This collection of papers discusses ways of teaching, ways of knowing, and ways of being that have sustained Aboriginal people for over 500 years. The papers are: "Spirit Writing: Writing Circles as Healing Pedagogy" (Lenore A. Stiffarm); "Pedagogy from the Ethos: An Interview with Elder Ermine on Language" (Willie Ermine); "Plants and Medicines: An Aboriginal Way of Teaching" (Bente Huntley); "Modelling: An Aboriginal Approach" (Ida Swan); "Aboriginal Pedagogy: The Sacred Circle Concept" (Angelina Weenie); "Traditional Parenting" (Jane Harp); "A Piece of the Pie: The Inclusion of Aboriginal Pedagogy into the Structures of Public Education" (Wally Isbister); "An Analysis of Western, Feminist, and Aboriginal Science Using the Medicine Wheel of the Plains Indians" (Lillian E. Dyck); and "Aboriginal Pedagogy:…

Prideaux, David; Teubner, Jillian (1997). An Innovative Medical School. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, v19 n1 p21-26 May. Co-location of the Flinders University of South Australia medical school and teaching hospital allows patient care, teaching, and research under one roof. This and a curriculum oriented to patient care from the outset have created a model program. A four-year graduate-entry admission program, rural and remote teaching programs, and attention to health issues of indigenous communities are recent innovations. (MSE)…

Skelton, Kathy (1993). Combating Racism: A Confusing Story. Multicultural Teaching to Combat Racism in School and Community, v11 n3 p16-19 Sum. Incidents in two Australian secondary schools illustrate the real problems of discrimination that aboriginal students face in the Australian education system in spite of policies intended to combat discrimination and promote the needs and rights of minority students. A program to combat racism in six schools is described. (SLD)…

Aikin, Sandra; Cooper, Irene (2006). New Zealand Curriculum Draft from a Primary Perspective. Teachers and Curriculum, v9 p27-34. The recently released New Zealand Curriculum Draft for Consultation (Ministry of Education 2006a) sets out the Government's expectations of what school students should be able to achieve by the time they leave school. The writers explore the vision and intentions of the New Zealand Curriculum Draft, to prepare students for the future, within the wider context of New Zealand's transformation to a "knowledge" society and global competitiveness. In order to understand the challenges to a national provision of curriculum that the changing environment brings, the writers reflect also on the international and national contexts within which this New Zealand Curriculum Draft has been developed and the forces which have shaped it. The writers' purpose to draw teachers into the discussion is achieved by posing a number of questions. The implications of the need for additional support and resourcing, to ensure schools can meet the aims of the curriculum draft and government… [PDF]

Finney, Sandra; Orr, Jeff (1995). "I've Really Learned a Lot, But…": Cross-cultural Understanding and Teacher Education in a Racist Society. Journal of Teacher Education, v46 n5 p327-33 Nov-Dec. Describes a cross-cultural course offered by the Faculty of Education at the University of Regina (Saskatchewan, Canada) to develop preservice teachers' understanding of aboriginal cultures, taking data from instructors' experiences and student narratives. The paper discusses the lack of understanding in white preservice teachers' views of self and others and the implications for teacher education in a racist society. (SM)…

Hodson, John; Kompf, Michael (2000). Keeping the Seventh Fire: Developing an Undergraduate Degree Program for Aboriginal Adult Educators. Canadian Journal of Native Education, v24 n2 p185-202. Brock University (Ontario); an Ontario television station; and the Iroquois, Ojibwa, and Metis Nations are collaborating on the development of an Aboriginal adult education degree program. The clan system was modified for use as a planning tool, elders and other Aboriginal educators were included, and Aboriginal learning styles and perspectives were incorporated into the curriculum. (TD)…

(1990). Aboriginal Language and Culture Programs. A Curricular Framework (Early Childhood Services–Grade 9). A conceptual and practical structure for designing a local native language and culture curriculum for preschool through grade 9 is presented. The first section outlines the program's philosophy, rationale, and general and specific learner expectations, and offers an overview of the suggested linguistic and cultural content of such a program. The second section more specifically describes program content for each instructional division (early childhood through grade 3, grades 4-6, and grades 7-9), including elements of traditional culture, legends, daily routines, and contemporary cultural events and activities appropriate to that level. This section also contains a list of the most common linguistic functions and notions as a frame of reference for teachers to plan lessons, chart individual student progress, and keep records of what has been taught. (A more detailed list of notions and functions is appended). Section three presents guidelines and suggestions for implementation,…

Pace, Jacqueline M.; Smith, Ann F. V. (1987). Micmac Indian Social Work Education: A Model. Canadian Journal of Native Education, v14 n1 p22-29. Describes founding, goals, admissions, and implementation of a five-year Micmac Bachelor of Social Work Program at Dalhousie University. Discusses advantages and problems of a decentralized program sponsored by diverse organizations/agencies. Outlines degree requirements, staff qualifications, student personal/financial needs, and program changes to meet needs of Native adult learners. (LFL)…

Hickey, Cliff; Natcher, David (2000). Turning First Nation Forest Values into Integrated Forest Management Plans: Two Models in Alberta. Canada's federal and provincial governments have called upon the forest industry to ensure protection of Aboriginal rights and include Aboriginal communities in forest management. The challenge is to design frameworks for multi-party cooperation in which multiple values and interests can be accommodated. To promote such cooperation, two research projects focused on establishing mechanisms to apply Aboriginal knowledge to industrial forest management, providing community training and capacity building to facilitate the equitable involvement of Aboriginal communities, and establishing a framework to monitor and evaluate First Nation-industry cooperation. A project involving the Alexis First Nation of Treaty Six, Millar Western Forest Products, and the Sustainable Forest Management Network (SFMN) (University of Alberta) conducted an Aboriginal land use study while training community members to continue the research; developed an information sharing agreement concerned with access to… [PDF]

Malcolm, Ian G. (2002). Aboriginal English: A Case for the Recognition of Prior Learning. This paper discusses Aboriginal English speakers in Australia, noting the importance of recognizing prior learning and of recognizing Aboriginal English within the context of programs that understand the particular areas where Aboriginal English speakers need support to achieve outcomes in standard English. It defines recognition of prior learning (learning from experience that children bring to their schooling, particularly when the experience has been in a speech community different from that of the school), then discusses: prior learning and language/literacy acquisition, recognition of prior minority language knowledge and second language acquisition, Aboriginal English prior learning and education, and the relationship of dominant and alternative discourses. The paper goes on to discuss linguistic processes present in Aboriginal English, examining some of the phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and discoursal processes, schemas, and genres that underlie it…. [PDF]

Harrison, Barbara (2001). Collaborative Programs in Indigenous Communities: From Fieldwork to Practice. This book is intended for fieldworkers or researchers and indigenous communities who are planning collaborative projects or research. Narratives of educational projects in Alaska Native and New Zealand Maori communities illustrate the ways that collaborative projects were developed in indigenous communities in the late 20th century. To illuminate the commonalities between Alaska Native and Maori communities, the first chapter provides brief summaries of the history of contact and of relevant policy development in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The rest of part 1 discusses the literature on collaborative programs in indigenous communities, describes personal characteristics and attitudes of effective fieldworkers, and presents guidelines for planning and designing collaborative programs. Part 2 begins by summarizing the guidelines in outline form, then uses them to reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of programs undertaken between 1977 and 1996 in Alaska…

One Feather, Sandra (2003). Preventing Tragedy. Winds of Change, v18 n1 p54-56 Win. The Navajo supervisor in the Office of Environmental Health in New Mexico identifies diseases and their risk factors, administers an injury prevention program, and ensures compliance with various health-related codes. She assists in the planning and direction of environmental health programs and public health education for local Navajo communities. A summer internship for college students is described. (TD)…

Diaz, Laura Vargas; And Others (1995). Reclaiming Cultural Literacy: Three Views. Hands On, n50 p18-24 Spr. Describes how indigenous students in a remote Mexican village learned ways to document their culture and history; how teachers in this same village learned to teach reading and writing in Ayuuk, their native language; and what a Foxfire teacher learned as an instructor in the teacher workshop. Includes the Foxfire "core practices" in Spanish. (LP)…

Philips, Susan U. (1992). Colonial and Postcolonial Circumstances in the Education of Pacific Peoples. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, v23 n1 p73-78 Mar. Focuses on ways that the present colonial or postcolonial status of societies in Tonga influences the relationship between traditional and Western forms of schooling. The impact of having been a former colonized people incorporated into a colonizing nation is most apparent in the study of Hawaiian preschool education. (SLD)…

Prins, Harald E. L. (1993). To the Land of the Mistigoches: American Indians Traveling to Europe in the Age of Exploration. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, v17 n1 p175-95. Asserts that, by the time English Pilgrims landed in Massachusetts in 1620, as many as 2,000 American Indians had already made the passage to Western Europe. Maintains that, although most of the Native Americans who traveled to Europe went as slaves, those who went after 1500 traveled for other reasons. (CFR)…

Low, Janie Matsumoto; Wong, Pia Lindquist (1998). Effects of a Hmong Intern on Hmong Students. Multicultural Education, v5 n4 p12-16 Sum. A program on Hmong culture, language, and history was implemented in a diverse, urban, public elementary school. Observations of two Hmong students while in the Hmong program and in their regular classroom were compared. Being in a classroom with children of the same language and background, as well as having a Hmong teacher, promoted higher self-esteem and confidence. (EMS)…

Cunningham, Alisa Federico; Parker, Christina (1998). Tribal Colleges as Community Institutions and Resources. New Directions for Higher Education, n102 p45-56 Sum. Despite their recent establishment, tribal colleges play a unique community role and have grown in importance as providers of educational access for American Indians. Most, in enrolling students from as many as 40 different tribes and significant numbers of non-Indian students, are shifting enrollment patterns among Native Americans and helping advance the social and economic improvement of isolated populations. (MSE)… [Direct]

Goodrum, Denis; Rennie, Leonie J. (2007). The National Action Plan. Australian School Science Education National Action Plan, 2008-2012. Volume 1. Australian Government Department of Education, Science and Training In 2001, the Australian Government released a report, commissioned by the then Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, entitled "The Status and Quality of Teaching and Learning of Science in Australian Schools" (Goodrum, Hackling, & Rennie, 2001). Its recommendations included actions to address raising community awareness of science and science education; issues about teacher supply and demand, initial teacher education, professional development and professional standards; resources; assessment; and increased national collaboration. The final recommendation was that, in five years time, there be a review of the quality and status of science teaching and learning, to assess the impact of a range of initiatives in the field, including actions arising in response to the report. To a large degree, this project to develop a National Action Plan for Australian School Science Education comprises that review, and it is timely. The National Action Plan 2008-2012… [PDF]

Poonwassie, Deo H., Ed.; Ray, Douglas, Ed. (1992). Education and Cultural Differences: New Perspectives. Reference Books in International Education, Vol. 15. Garland Reference Library of Social Science, Vol. 594. This book contains 27 essays and case studies that focus on the potential for education to lessen social inequality in various countries. Three widespread forms of inequality involve aboriginal societies in modern industrial states, long established communities denied full status, and recent immigrants. Chapters are: "Modern Inequality and the Role of Education" (D. Ray); "Perspectives on Equality of Opportunity in Education" (D. H. Poonwassie); "Aboriginal Populations and Equal Rights in Education: An Introduction" (D. H. Poonwassie); "Education and the Struggle for Adequate Cultural Competence in the Modern World: The Sami Case" (T. G. Svensson); "Australian Aborigines: Education and Identity" (D. Jordan); "Kura Kaupapa Maori: Contesting and Reclaiming Education in Aotearoa" (G. H. Smith); "Aboriginal Teacher Training and Development in Canada: An Example from the Province of Manitoba" (D. H. Poonwassie);…

(1992). The Whole Pole Catalogue of Exemplary Programs in Circumpolar Education. 1992-3 Edition. This catalog identifies exemplary educational programs endorsed by the Roger Lang Clearinghouse for Circumpolar Education. The Clearinghouse was established in 1989 to promote local control of Native education in the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. Major challenges facing communities, educators, and researchers in the Arctic include: developing genuine culture-based materials; redefining the goals of schooling; developing new materials and programs; conducting research pertaining to instruction in traditional Native sciences; correcting deficiencies in science and math education; translating research by Arctic scientists into materials for school and community use; and identifying additional funding. This catalog describes 28 programs developed by teachers and administrators in elementary, junior high, and secondary science; elementary and secondary interdisciplinary programs; cultural education programs; teacher education programs;… [PDF]

Fujioka, Rika (2002). Case Study on Education Opportunities for Hill Tribes in Northern Thailand: Implications for Sustainable Rural Development. This research analyzes the impact of the Thai government's activities to promote educational opportunities for people of the northern hill tribes. In addition to interviews with government and nongovernmental organization staff, field surveys were conducted in hill tribe villages. The introductory chapter provides background information on the hill tribes, which are Thailand's most disadvantaged ethnic minorities. Chapter 2 describes government policies and support programs for hill tribes related to education, including highland community learning centers for basic skills and lifelong learning, distance education efforts, agricultural extension education, development and welfare services, and international and nongovernmental organization support programs. Chapter 3 examines implementation of these policies and programs. Chapter 4 defines the prospects for highland development, placing particular emphasis on the potential of education to improve the livelihood of highland… [PDF]

Adkins, Carol R.; Rowland, Paul (1995). Teacher Education for Teaching Science to American Indian Students. Journal of Navajo Education, v12 n3 p25-31 Spr. The Science and Mathematics for Indian Learners and Educators (SMILE) Project at Northern Arizona University provided science inservice training to K-8 teachers from Bureau of Indian Affairs schools on the Navajo reservation. The training aimed to increase and improve science instruction for Indian children and to connect science education to Native science. (LP)…

Stewart, Ian; Williams, Shayne (1992). Community Control and Self-Determination in Aboriginal Education Research: The Changed Roles, Relationships and Responsibilities of Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Researchers and Aboriginal Communities. This paper examines ongoing changes related to appropriate methods and practices in Aboriginal educational research, including community control of research based on the principle of self-determination. This assertion of control includes the redefinition of relationships in the research process; appropriate initiation of research projects; establishing adequate and acceptable funding arrangements; development of appropriate consultation and negotiation procedures; construction and implementation of appropriate research methodologies; concerns about the appropriation of knowledge; establishment of accountability procedures; and proper recognition of rights in terms of ownership, copyright, and publication. Historically, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia have been subjected to a range of inappropriate, unacceptable, and degrading research methodologies. Another concern is the extraction of knowledge from Aboriginal communities that benefits individual… [PDF]

Evans, Moyra (1993). A South African Perspective on the Teaching of Literature to ESL Undergraduates. The use of English-language literature in South African college instruction for Black students, for many of whom English is a second language, is discussed, drawing on relevant literature. First, the conditions of the education of Black students in South Africa is reviewed, and it is suggested that this population often arrives in higher education without having been taught appropriate study skills, writing skills, learning strategies, or comprehension in English. Large classes in Black universities are also seen as a problem. Formidable linguistic, cultural, and formal barriers to Black student comprehension of English literary texts are borne out in student achievement patterns. Some educators suggest that more African material, both creative and critical, must be incorporated into the curriculum and that Eurocentric texts should be de-emphasized, while others feel that traditional literature instruction and language instruction are more appropriately separated. The introduction… [PDF]

Hallinan, Peter; Wyer, Doug (1992). Special Life Skills for Community Living. This study examined the effectiveness of a 10-week life skills program in meeting the needs of its six Australian participants, who were severely intellectually and physically handicapped young adults of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. Interviews were conducted with teaching and residential program staff at the commencement, the midpoint, and the conclusion of the program. The program was regarded as successful, as all participants were involved in activities within the mainstream community, noticeable gains in language and vocalization by one participant were noted, and swimming and water skills for some participants improved. Other findings in the areas of course planning, human resources, program location, transport, inservice education, and networking are discussed. Notable issues to emerge concerned the lack of lead-time to develop the course, the inappropriateness of the curriculum, and communication and logistical difficulties. (JDD)…