Cunningham, Peter (2000). "Water as Rough as an Elephant's Foot…" Learning Geography through Poetry Writing at KS2. MCT, v19 n1 p39-43 Aut. Describes how bilingual fourth and fifth graders at one London elementary school learned geography by writing poetry. This effort involved: engaging with the topic, consolidating knowledge and understanding, and extending knowledge and understanding. Children were highly motivated to learn. Poetry was the driving force behind their learning as they shared their personal experiences in a secure environment. (SM)…

Olmstead, Susan; Petrovic, John E. (2001). "Language, Power, and Pedagogy: Bilingual Children in the Crossfire," by Jim Cummins (2000). Book Review. Bilingual Research Journal, v25 n3 p405-12 Sum. The book reviewed presents a thorough literature review supporting the use of children's first languages in schooling. Criticisms of the book relate to the equation of fluency with academic language and the implication that academic language holds a superior position to other language registers. Discussion of transformative pedagogy fails to challenge the linguistic status quo perpetuated by the construct of academic language proficiency. (TD)…

Kearsey, John; Turner, Sheila (1999). The Value of Bilingualism in Pupils' Understanding of Scientific Language. International Journal of Science Education, v21 n10 p1037-50 Oct. Argues that, although some bilingual pupils may be at a disadvantage in understanding scientific language, there may be some circumstances where being bilingual is an advantage in understanding scientific language. Presents evidence of circumstances where being bilingual was an advantage and circumstances where it was a disadvantage in understanding scientific language. Contains 34 references. (Author/WRM)…

Fouzder, Nani B.; Markwick, Andrew J. W. (1999). A Practical Project To Help Bilingual Students To Develop Their Knowledge of Science and English Language. School Science Review, v80 n292 p65-74 Mar. Describes a class project that included a literature search, observation of the Hale-Bopp comet, planning and building a model solar system, and presentation of the model in class. Finds that bilingual students in the class made significant progress in their learning of concepts and the acquisition of English as a result of completing the project. (Contains 11 references.) (Author/WRM)…

Beeman, Margaret M.; Carlisle, Joanne F. (2000). The Effects of Language of Instruction on the Reading and Writing Achievement of First-Grade Hispanic Children. Scientific Studies of Reading, v4 n4 p331-53 Oct. Finds that (1) children taught in Spanish did not differ from those taught in English on English reading and writing but were significantly stronger on Spanish reading and writing; (2) being taught literacy in Spanish contributed to performance in Spanish reading comprehension; but (3) being taught in English did not have the same positive effect on performance in English reading comprehension. (RS)…

Galloway, Martha; Gomez, Leo; Irby, Beverly J.; Lara-Alecio, Rafael; Rodriguez, Linda (2004). Two-Way Immersion Bilingual Programs in Texas. Bilingual Research Journal, v28 n1 p35-54 Spr. This article summarizes the results from the first statewide study of two-way immersion (TWI) programs for English language learners. The survey was conducted electronically with 304 Texas bilingual/English as a Second Language directors in districts that serve English language learners. Data are reported for the following research question: What information can be identified about TWI programs in Texas, specifically: (a) number of districts reporting TWI programs, (b) program types, (c) grade levels served, (d) number of classrooms at each grade level, (e) languages of instruction, (f) distribution of native Spanish and native English speakers, (g) TWI program by regional educational service center, and (h) years of implementation? This article concludes with implications for further research related to TWI programs in Texas and the United States…. [Direct]

Cline, Zulmara; Necochea, Juan; Rios, Francisco (2004). The Tyranny of Democracy: Deconstructing the Passage of Racist Propositions. Journal of Latinos and Education, v3 n2 p67-85. This article examines race-based propositions and the movidas used to garner electorate support for these initiatives, which amount to the \tyranny of the majority\ trampling on the rights of the minority as has happened so many times during our nation's history in the name of democracy. Specifically, the passage of Proposition 227 in California is analyzed for the tactics and strategies used to ensure that support for the initiative was garnered. Suggestions are made for how communities of color can work together to counter these legal and political attacks that use half-truths and propaganda to gain widespread support….

Akcan, Sumru (2005). Supporting Oral Second Language Use: A Learning Experience in a First Grade German Immersion Class. Early Childhood Education Journal, v32 n6 p359-364 Jun. This article describes a learning context in which the first grade classroom teacher creates a learning community where she uses different teaching strategies to encourage children's second language use and learning. The first graders share, discuss, and learn both the second language (German) and content…. [Direct]

Corwin, Susan (1978). 1977-78 URRD Needs Assessment. Report No. 78-4. This report contains districtwide data on service priorities for the use of Urban, Rural, Racial Disadvantaged program (URRD) funds in Seattle, Washington. Information is offered describing (1) the proportion of low achieving students in reading and mathematics in each school; (2) the extent of poverty in elementary school attendance areas; (3) the number and characteristics of non-English background students served; (4) the number and location of American Indian students; and (5) districtwide dropout and suspension rates. Recommendations for improving the URRD program are provided. (Author/APM)…

Kabotie, Michael; And Others (1970). Community Background Reports: Second Mesa Day School; Hopi-Mishongnovi, Shipaulovi, Shungopavy Villages and Sunlight Baptist Mission. National Study of American Indian Education, Series I, No. 12, Final Report. As part of the National Study of American Indian Education, this paper is a community and educational background report of the Hopi villages found on Second Mesa, Arizona. The report includes location and climate of the villages, village structure, population, economic factors, social and political structure, dress, transportation, and recent developments. The educational description includes the discussions of the physical plant, finance and administration, school staff, students, curriculum, new education programs, and school and community attitudes. (LS)…

Wilson, Angene (1986). The Immigrant Student Challenge. Social Education, v50 n3 p189-93 Mar. Describes ways in which schools can help immigrant children overcome refugee trauma, differences in language, culture, religion, and problems arising because of social stratification and prejudice in American society. Reviews the benefits derived by all students from successful educational practices. (JDH)…

Frelick, Bill (1986). Who Are Refugees?. Social Education, v50 n3 p194 Mar. Presents selected results from an April, 1984 public opinion survey conducted by the U. S. Committee for Refugees which revealed a lack of knowledge and negative attitudes among Americans toward refugees. Suggests classroom activities to illustrate the refugee dilemma. (JDH)…

Szecsi, Tunde (2002). Schooling for Diverse Children in Hungary. Childhood Education, v78 n6 p326-33. Examines the status of minority education in Hungary. Outlines key features of Hungarian education, examines status of education and schools for national minority students, and highlights the educational situation and needs of Romani (Gypsy) children. Describes two Hungarian initiatives for educating Romani children. Focuses on the importance of ensuring equal educational opportunities for all children. (KB)…

Cazden, Courtney B. (1990). Differential Treatment in New Zealand: Reflections on Research in Minority Education. Teaching and Teacher Education, v6 n4 p291-303. Differential treatment, unequal participation of children in classroom lessons, and research documenting differential treatment of first-year Maori students are discussed. A description is given of an in-service intervention with New Zealand teachers involving changes in the setting events in which teachers and students interact around beginning literacy tasks. (IAH)…

Barnhardt, Ray (1990). Two Cultures, One School: St. Mary's, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Native Education, v17 n2 p54-65. Describes the successful school serving preschool-twelfth grade in St. Mary's Alaska–a small remote Yupik community. Examines the bilingual curriculum, strong community support, and the school's philosophy and goals emphasizing integration of Yupik ways and values and the educational responsibility of the community. (SV)…

Tarrow, Norma (1990). Language, Culture, and Early Childhood Education in Catalonia and the Basque Region of Spain. International Journal of Early Childhood, v22 n2 p49-58 Dec. Discusses policies, legislation, educational practices, and innovative early childhood programs designed to revitalize the languages and cultures of Catalonia and the Basque Autonomous Region. Opposition to these practices and programs is also discussed. (BG)…

Sperry, Robert (1989). Education in Western Samoa: A Bibliography of English-Language Books, Documents, Theses, Dissertations, and Journal Articles. Organized alphabetically by author, the 140 items in this bibliography deal with all aspects of Samoan education, including: teacher training, bilingualism, women's education, the role of the library, health education, biculturalism, writing instruction, higher education, science education, agricultural education, educational opportunities, and the role of the church in education. (JB)…

Cerny, Mary, Comp.; Reetz, Linda J., Comp. (1988). ACRES Cross-Cultural Bibliography for Rural Special Educators. This bibliography of cross-cultural materials contains 437 bibliographic citations of journal articles, books, government reports, court cases, and bibliographies of interest to rural special educators. Major topical areas are bilingual exceptional children (136 items) and culturally diverse exceptional children (135 items). Other topics include Black Americans, court cases, Hawaiians, Hispanics, migrant exceptional students, Native Americans, and nondiscriminatory evaluation. (SV)… [PDF]

Wexler, Henrietta; And Others (1985). 1985 Guide to Department of Education Programs. American Education, v21 n2 p2-30. This guide gives information necessary to begin the process of applying for funding under individual federal education programs. It contains a glossary of Education Department terms, program information (program title, purpose, authorizing legislation, who may apply, contact number, closing dates), and a list of regional representatives of the department. (CT)…

Curry, Janice (2009). AISD Prekindergarten Expansion Grant Evaluation Report, 2008-2009: Promoting School Readiness. Publication Number 08.66. Online Submission Austin Independent School District provided full-day prekindergarten to 5,196 4-year-olds in 2008-2009 at 66 schools. Seventy percent or more of students made measureable gains on a test of receptive vocabulary, and average gains showed growth about two times greater than that expected for 4-year-olds after a 7-month period…. [PDF]

Fisher, Charles W.; Guthrie, Larry F. (1983). The Significant Bilingual Instructional Features Study. Executive Summary. The Significant Bilingual Instructional Features (SBIF) study identified, described, and verified features of bilingual instruction of a wide variety of limited English proficient students. It collected data on instructional organization, time allocation, classroom language use, active teaching behaviors, academic learning time, student participation styles, and classroom, school, and community context variables through a variety of quantitative and qualitative procedures. Part I involved the study of 58 classrooms and 232 students at six sites representing different ethnolinguistic (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Cantonese, and Navajo) and multilinguistic groups. The classrooms were nominated for their success as settings for bilingual instruction. The instructional features identified as significant in this portion of the study include (1) congruence of instructional intent, (2) use of active teaching behaviors, (3) use of the students' native language and English for instruction,… [PDF]

Marangos, Mary Anna; Thomas, Hollie B. (1981). A Study to Identify the Unique Criteria and Standards Needed for the Development of Successful Bilingual Vocational Programs. Part 2: Cultural Barriers. Final Report, from March 1, 1980 to June 30, 1981. A Florida study identified cultural barriers that may impede students of different cultures from learning in vocational classrooms. One questionnaire was mailed to 15 subjects outside Florida and used as an interview format for 35 personnel of Florida bilingual vocational programs. These participants who were monolingual or bilingual with students from cultures other than their own identified cultural barriers. A second questionnaire was administered to 21 bilingual instructors of students of similar background who indicated their belief as to validity of the identified barriers. Barriers identified as valid included: unrealistic expectations of what school provides; greater differences between individuals than between groups; conflicts due to different beliefs relating to differences in color, ethnic background, social status, religion; instructor belief that all students should adapt to "Anglo" culture; teacher expectations not understood by students; no translators for… [PDF]

Kerins, C. Thomas (1981). The State Perspective on the Evaluation Burden. State and local education agencies increasingly have to spend a larger percentage of their time collecting, aggregating, and reporting information to federal agencies. This report suggests that the federal evaluation strategy to describe program implementation as well as impact is usually ill considered, inappropriate and of questionable utility. In some major programs more data are requested than is possible to supply; they are often asked for on an annual basis even though it is not analyzed annually; information demands are made in the absence of a plan for its use either for policy, program improvement or other analyses; and lack of coordination among federal agency staff requires duplication of effort and a further depletion of its time and fiscal resources. Finally, with few exceptions, federal evaluation efforts are unrealistic and inappropriate because of a tendency to avoid using the experience and expertise of local and state evaluation colleagues, an over-reliance on test…

Adams, Susan B.; Taylor, Stephaine P. (1979). Bibliography of Currently Available Vocational Education Curriculum Materials for Use with Students of Limited English Proficiency. Supplement to the Final Report, A Project to Provide Teacher Training and Resources for Vocational Educators of Limited English-Speaking Students: An Assessment of Needs, Programs and Instructional Resources. This bibliography contains curriculum materials for vocational education programs in English and Spanish. In the first section, Monolingual (Language other than English), materials are listed for five vocational areas: (1) occupational areas (accounting, agribusiness, allied health, clothing, etc.); (2) miscellaneous; (3) mathematics; (4) vocational skills; and (5) materials for other related areas (career education, career guidance, finding a job, consumer education, and drivers education). In the second area, vocational English as a second language (ESL), materials are listed for occupational areas (automotive, secretarial and commerical, technical, etc.); and for career, consumer, and survival skills education. A final section provides the addresses for publishers cited in the bibliography. (CT)…

(1979). Council of Europe Contribution to the Report on Migrants' Education. Designed as an information document, this report describes the activities of the Council in facilitating the settlement of migrant workers' children in the compulsory schooling systems of host countries. Experimental classes are discussed in terms of the basic aims of the integration of migrant children through language learning, maintenance of their own language and culture, and solutions of psychological, sociological, and educational problems. School records are examined in terms of their intended function to overcome difficulties in obtaining information on the health and school career of migrant children. A four-year programme for training teachers is outlined, with its aim being to make teachers more aware of the social, psychological, cultural, and educational problems faced by migrants, so as to help children adjust to the new cultural environment without losing contact with their original environment. Action on helping migrants learn the language of the host country is…

Forcellina, James J. (1975). A Model In-Service Program for Training Mainstream Teachers of Spanish Speaking Pupils. The purpose of this practicum was to develop a model in-service program for training mainstream teachers of Spanish speaking pupils. As the Spanish speaking population of the Norwalk, Connecticut community has grown over the past decade, the school problem of dealing with the non-native English speaker was identified. Through the initial financial facilities of an Emergency School Aid Act (ESAA) grant, a model inservice training program for mainstream teachers of Spanish speaking pupils was developed, conducted, and evaluated. This model was developed specifically for secondary school mainstream teachers (grade six through twelve) who must cope daily with the Spanish speaking pupils. In addition, through a liaison between the secondary and elementary levels, the applicability of the model, with some modifications, was evident at the elementary level. The program, through the careful selection of administrative, guidance, and teaching personnel, provided a de facto insertion of the… [PDF]

Fallon, Berlie J., Ed. (1973). 40 Innovative Programs in Early Childhood Education. This book contains detailed descriptions of forty programs in early childhood education. Programs are innovative in the sense that each respresents new departures and approaches for the implementing school systems. The book contains two main sections: Section I, Innovative Programs in Early Childhood Education, and Section II, Resources Section, which includes an overview of the field of early childhood education and fourteen excerpts from materials provided by schools with exemplary programs. Also included are a glossary, a table of descriptor terms, some sources of information on early childhood education, and a selected bibliography. (SBT)…

Mahan, James M. (1977). In Support of the Preparation of More Teachers for Bilingual and Bicultural Communities. Planning and Changing, 8, 4, 223-9, Win 77. Describes the Indiana University Latino Student Teaching Project in which candidates for teaching certificates in elementary, secondary, and special education have served in border communities in the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas and in southern Arizona. Evaluative reactions of the participating student teachers are included. (Author/IRT)…

Goodluck, Mary Ann; Lockard, Louise; Yazzie, Darlene (2000). Language Revitalization in Navajo/English Dual Language Classrooms. This paper describes the Chinle Primary School Dual Language Project in terms of both the activities of the project and the attitudes and aspirations of its bilingual teachers. Chinle Unified School District (Arizona) enrolls over 4,000 students in 7 schools; 99 percent are American Indians, and 62 percent are considered limited English proficient (LEP). In 1997, Chinle Primary School implemented dual language classrooms in which half of students were Navajo-dominant and LEP and the other half were English-proficient. Elements of the program include certified bilingual Navajo teachers, summer camp and other community-based learning activities, and development of a culturally relevant mathematics curriculum. During an inservice program, the bilingual teachers reflected on their roles as learners and teachers. Common themes in their writings included early negative experiences in school where the Navajo language was suppressed, early experiences of learning Navajo in community… [PDF]

Balderrama, Maria V. (2001). The (Mis)Preparation of Teachers in the Proposition 227 Era: Humanizing Teacher Roles and Their Practice. Urban Review, v33 n3 p255-67 Sep. Describes the teacher's role as basic to the struggle for educational equity and achievement, noting the importance of preservice preparation. Examines how anti-immigrant legislation affects teacher preparation by forcing teachers to passively emphasize standardized approaches to addressing English learners' complex needs. Shares attempts to humanize teachers' roles by engaging student teachers in critical examinations of schooling and teacher roles. (SM)…