(1972). Education of the Spanish Speaking. Hearings Before the Civil Rights Oversight Subcommittee (Subcommittee No. 4) of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, Ninety-Second Congress, Second Session on Reports of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. Serial No. 35. Hearings on the reports of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights on the education of the Spanish-speaking were held on June 8 and 14, 1972. The Civil Rights Commission documented in its reports the effects of educational policies which have simultaneously forced ethnic isolation and Anglo conformity upon Mexican American and Puerto Rican students. Included are testimonies by members of the Civil Rights Commission concerning the education of Spanish-speaking children. Some of the areas covered by the testimony follow: (1) Chicano pupils achieve less well than Anglo students; (2) the school systems of the Southwest have not recognized the culture and the tradition of Mexican Americans and have not adopted policies and practices that would enable Mexican American children to participate fully in the educational process; (3) more than 400,000 Chicano pupils throughout the Southwest attend schools in predominantly Mexican American districts; (4) Puerto Rican children constitute a… [PDF]

Cazden, Courtney B. (1970). Language Programs for Young Children: Notes from England and Wales. British Infant School programs to aid language development for disadvantaged children 3 to 8 years old are discussed, with reference to ideas and practices in the United States. In general, English Infant School teachers believe that language development must be nourished by the teacher in the context of the child's interaction with his environment. Centrally important is a heightened teacher awareness of means of extension of the child's ideas and language. Other topics discussed are: (1) the value of peer group talk, (2) daily schedules relative to the child's sex, (3) extrinsic reinforcement, contrasted with intrinsic reinforcement, (4) whether or not standard English should be taught, (5) the use of local cultural content, (6) bilingualism in school and out, (7) communication skills, (8) children's written sentences, (9) verbal functioning effectiveness, and (10) compensatory education: the recommendations of the Plowden Report, and the goals of the 3 1/2-year Schools Council… [PDF]

(1969). "Caring Makes a Difference." Report of the Fiscal 1969 Program for the Education of Migratory Children. The fourteenth annual report on New York State's educational programs for children of migrant agricultural workers presents program descriptions and evaluations of specific program efforts designed to increase the educational opportunities for these children. Specific areas covered are year-round compensatory education programs for school age children, inservice education programs for teachers and para-professionals, school orientation for children, and preschool education efforts. Programs designed to meet the needs of transients in education and to provide education for them on a continuing basis include such features as automated transfer-record systems and inter-state visitation programs by educators for better understanding of the needs of migrant children. Results of tests of students who participated in the 1969 summer programs are also provided. A related document is RC 004 125. (DK)… [PDF]

Vicenti, Arnold; And Others (1976). Nakeyah Ji Noshchi i (Trees on Our Reservation). A Bilingual Reader. Written in Apache and English, this illustrated bilingual reader contains brief descriptions of 10 trees found on the Jicarilla reservation. Each description tells where the tree is found on the reservation and what the Jicarillas use it for. Trees described are the: cottonwood (t'oos), oak (choshch'itl'i), juniper (gah), aspen (it'aa), pinon (izeelchin), Douglas fir (jo'ol), alder (k'ish), cedar (kaldee), pine (noshchi), and spruce (noshzhaa). The reader is for use with elementary school students. (NQ)…

Pham-Thi Ngoc-Dung; Pham-Van-Trong (1976). National History. Grade 4. This textbook is the last in the national history series developed by the Ministry of Education in Saigon and used in all public schools in Vietnam. The three books in this series have been reprinted in their entirety from the original editions for use in elementary schools in the United States which have Vietnamese students. The grade 4 text contains fifty chapters, which cover Vietnamese history from the beginning to the end of the Trinh rule and the close of the second Ly Dynasty. All illustrations are provided in black and white; therefore, references to colored illustrations in the text should be ignored. (CFM)…

McNamara, John; And Others (1978). The \Balance Effect\. Canadian Modern Language Review, 34, 5, 890-4, May 78. A panel discussion of the effect of immersion programs on first and second language learning. Questions are raised regarding the effectiveness of the regular curriculum, results of immersion for majority language and minority or immigrant children, the meaning of linguistic competence and underlying cognitive and intellectual processes. (AMH)…

Genesee, Fred (1987). Considering Two-Way Bilingual Programs. Equity and Choice, v3 n3 p3-7 Spr. Describes the San Diego (CA) two-way bilingual program which puts English and Spanish-speaking students together to learn each others' languages. Program results in a lag in English language literacy after early years, but that difference is made up within one year of English language instruction. (PS)…

Roberts, Catrin (1987). Political Conflict over Bilingual Initiatives: A Case Study. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, v8 n4 p311-22. Highlights the danger of using already constructed typologies implying permanent relationships between elements and monolithic categories to analyze real examples of language conflict. A specific case of an established bilingual secondary school in Wales illustrates this danger. (Author/CB)…

Serafin, Ana Gil (1998). Outreach to Future Hispanic Educational Leaders. This paper discusses issues related to the recruitment of Hispanic-American educational leaders, focusing on the El Centro de Recursos Educativos outreach center at Northeastern Illinois University in Chicago, which began operation in Fall 1997. It examines the characteristics of successful programs for Hispanic recruitment and retention and the demographics of the Hispanic student population. Among other things, the El Centro program offers courses taught bilingually in Spanish and English and a new, 36-credit school leadership master's degree for teachers. The paper outlines current recruitment strategies for Hispanic students and teachers and recommends the following strategies: (1) public service announcements; (2) direct Hispanic community contacts; (3) professional bilingual publications; (4) written notifications to school districts; (5) delivering information through teachers' school meetings; (6) using the Internet; (7) using current students as recruiters; and (8) open… [PDF]

Gravelle, Maggie, Ed. (2000). Planning for Bilingual Learners: An Inclusive Curriculum. This book offers a framework designed to help teachers include bilingual learners in their curriculum planning. It considers what is needed for the curriculum to be accessible to all children. The 9 chapters are: (1) "Introduction" (Maggie Gravelle); (2) "'Jamaica's Find': Using a Story Book to Develop Ideas about Writing" (Elaine Sturman); (3) "Building Confidence for a New Arrival–And Her Teachers" (Richard Gifford); (4) "'Mufaro's Beautiful Daughters: Promoting First Languages within the Context of the Literacy Hour" (Maggie Gravelle); (5) "Bilingual Learners and Numeracy" (Zaitun Virani-Roper); (6) "Planning for Bilingual Learners Year 9 Geography: The EU and Italy" (Steve Cooke and Susan Pike); (7) "Planning for Inclusion; Learning at Key Stage 4" (Dympna McGahern and Kwaku Boaten); (8) "Developing Language-Aware Teaching in Secondary Schools" (Claire Edmunds); and (9) "Conclusion"…

Sloan, Kris (2000). Teacher Agency and the TAAS: Maintaining the Ability To "Act Otherwise.". Data from the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS) were used to explore how learning environments within bilingual classes where students perform very well on the Spanish version of the TAAS are shaped by forces surrounding the TAAS and how this shaping process affects teachers. Four elementary schools were selected based on the high performance of their students on the Spanish TAAS reading tests. Instructional practices, the professional development of the teachers, and instructional materials were studied. Data suggest that the pressures surrounding the high-stakes of the TAAS set off a wave of "actions that impacted the classroom practices of the teachers. These pressures led to the scripting of curricular goals and objectives based largely on intensive reviews of the TAAS data, which in turn led to the official endorsement of TAAS-friendly instructional strategies to help meet these curricular goals and objectives. Professional development opportunities were organized… [PDF]

Garcia, Herman S. (1983). Bilingualism, Biculturalism, and the Educational System. Journal of Non-White Concerns in Personnel and Guidance, v11 n2 p67-74 Jan. Assesses how discrimination and biculturalism have affected the Chicanos' ability to communicate bilingually in a monolingual society. Using a historical perspective, the sociocultural significance of Chicano bilingualism is discussed in terms of code switching, language dominance, and cultural values. (JAC)…

Clyne, Michael (1983). An Immersion Program in Australia. Babel: Journal of the Australian Federation of Modern Language Teachers Associations, v18 n1 p6-15 Apr. A recently developed primary school German immersion program for a German community is described and its development from Canadian examples is discussed. The program is a composite of immersion, bilingual, and second language models. Early reaction is highly favorable, although the program will not be fully evaluated for a few years. (MSE)…

Chesterfield, Ray; And Others (1983). The Influence of Teachers and Peers on Second Language Acquisition in Bilingual Preschool Programs. TESOL Quarterly, v17 n3 p401-19 Sep. The interaction patterns of eleven Spanish-speaking preschool children in two bilingual programs were observed for one year. In predominantly English-speaking classrooms, greater English proficiency was related to English use with peers. In prevalently Spanish-speaking classes, English proficiency was more related to interaction in English with teachers. (MSE)…

Baca, Fernie; Lundquist, Gerald W. (1980). Southeast Asian Women of Chinese Ancestry: New Perspectives. Bilingual Resources, v3 n2 p16-22. Background and historical information regarding adaptation assimilation of Chinese women to living in Southeast Asia includes details of Chinese immigration to Southeast Asia, socialization factors affecting identity and change, and language education. (Journal availability: National Dissemination and Assessment Center, California State University, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032.) (SB)…

Halsell, Meyzeek (1977). Ethnic Heritage Studies: Themes in Black African and Black American Literature. Experimental Unit. This teaching guide emphasizes the similarity of themes in black African and black American literature and the contribution black writers have made to American literature. It is part of the Louisville Area Ethnic Heritage Studies Project described in ED 150 043. The project materials are designed to foster communication across intercultural/ethnic lines. The objectives of this unit are to recognize common themes in black African and black American literature and to appreciate several literary selections by black American authors as representative of their contribution. Planned as a supplement for an English course, suggested time to allocate for the unit is at least two weeks. The guide includes a pretest, a posttest, and four behavioral objectives accompanied by instructional strategies and facilitating materials. These encourage defining terms, reading, discussion, and writing compositions and reports, among other activities. A bibliography of resources is appended. (Author/CK)… [PDF]

Ibarra, Herb (1969). Bibliography of ESL/Bilingual Teaching Materials. Four hundred and six books, articles, and instructional realia published between 1945 and 1968 are listed in this bibliography for teachers and students of Spanish-speaking and bilingual students. While emphasis is placed on English as a second language textual materials for all levels of education from primary to adult, lists of materials such as kits and visuals for music and science are also provided. A final section is devoted to teacher preparation materials, cultural information, and instructional guides. This publication is funded by Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. (DK)… [PDF]

Enns, Carol, Comp. (1978). The Education of New Canadians. An Annotated Bibliography. Current Bibliography No. 10. This annotated bibliography of works published between 1960 and 1978 is organized in two sections. The first includes material concerning cultural, social, and educational perspectives on immigrant needs. The second contains material divided into four areas: (1) surveys and assessments of needs and problems, (2) responses and provisions in relation to facilities, [3] development and evaluation of projects and programs, and (4) experiences, discussions, and ideas in the field of teaching new Canadians. The bibliography emphasizes two themes: (1) language learning is the basic elements of success in a new country, and (2) the schools play the primary role in the education of immigrants. (Author/AM)…

Blackwell, Jacqueline; And Others (1976). Effects of Early Childhood Multicultural Experiences on Black Preschool Children's Attitudes Toward Themselves and Whites. This study examines the effects of social studies experiences on the attitudes of young black children towards themselves and whites. Subjects were 54 children, 4 years of age, representing a low socioeconomic population. The children were divided into three groups of 18 each. Group 1 read and discussed selected multi-ethnic social studies materials. Group 2 read and discussed these selections and received field-trip experiences based upon these readings. Group 3 received traditional preschool experiences. All groups received a 20-item attitude pretest and posttest. IQ did not differ significantly between groups. Based upon the results of Hartley's F test, a one-way analysis of covariance showed significant differences among treatment groups. Using a two sample t-test, the results of the study indicated that Groups 1 and 3 and 2 and 3 differed significantly in attitude. No significant differences were found in attitude change between Groups 1 and 2. (Author/SB)…

(1972). Multi-Ethnic Reading and Audio-Visual Materials for Young Children: Annotated Bibliography. This publication lists multi-ethnic reading, audio, and audio-visual materials for young children in day care center programs and homes. The listing, it is held, is by no means a complete one. The need for listing these materials arises from the fact that, historically, children's literature on minority races has been written from a prejudiced point of view, and in a derogatory manner, by white authors for a white audience. Another major reason for putting this list together is to encourage each minority to learn about the other through authentic and reputable authors. This way, the stereotyping and negative attitudes that have resulted from bad children's literature may be offset. In most listings there is sufficient information to order the books listed. Where possible, the cost, audience or grade level, and binding–paperback or hard cover–of the books is specified. Some of the films indicate that a preview is available prior to purchase. The listings are organized in four… [PDF]

Ayers, George E.; Bronaugh, Juanita (1976). Multiethnic Materials. A Selected Bibliography. This selected bibliography was prepared for the Racine, Wisconsin School District by the Title VII (Emergency School Aid Act) project for use by teachers, administrators, counselors, psychologists, social workers, librarians, and other professional and support personnel employed by the district. All of the materials listed in the bibliography–professional articles, books, pamphlets, films, filmstrips, audiotapes, and other reference materials–have been obtained by the Title VII project and for use throughout the school district. The contents of this bibliography are organized into ten parts, as follows: (1) Discrimination/Prejudice/Racism, (2)Segregation/Desegregation/Integration, (3) Intercultural/Human Relations/Education, (4) Black Americans, which includes sections on aspects such as culture and history, biography, fiction, poetry, art/legends/music/plays, audio-visuals, and periodicals, (5) Mexican-Americans, (6) Native Americans, (7) Other Ethnic Groups, (8) Ethnic… [PDF]

Brito, Silvester J. (1983). American Indian Political Participation: From Melting Pot to Cultural Pluralism. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, v7 n4 p51-68. Explains why political power has eluded American Indians and what chance they have of becoming a policy-making force in mainstream American society. Cites proponents of society as a \melting pot\ and of cultural pluralism. Argues that a pluralistic society is in the best interests of cultural groups and the nation. (JHZ)…

Hare, Bruce R.; Levine, Daniel U. (1985). Effective Schooling in Desegregated Settings: What Do We Know About Learning Style and Linguistic Differences?. Equity and Choice, v1 n2 p13-18 Win. Argues that mismatches between home and classroom environments play an important part in accounting for the low academic performance of many low-status, especially minority, students. Discusses approaches emphasizing cooperative learning and individualized instruction for use with culturally different students in desegregated settings. (RDN)…

Barrera, Rosalinda B., Ed.; Dressman, Mark, Ed.; Thompson, Verlinda D., Ed. (1997). Kaleidoscope: A Multicultural Booklist for Grades K-8. Second Edition, Covering Books Published from 1993-95. NCTE Bibliography Series. This second edition bibliography, like its predecessor, offers educators and other interested readers a guide to some of the most compelling multicultural literature for elementary and middle school students. It includes annotations of almost 600 nonfiction and fiction texts published from 1993 to 1995 that focus on people of color, particularly African Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos/Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans. Most annotations identify the particular country, nationality, or ethnic group of the characters and setting. Chapters group books by genre or theme rather than by cultural group, however, to emphasize both cultural diversities and similarities. Nonfiction is divided into "People and Places, "Ceremonies and Celebrations,""Understanding the Past: History,""Social and Environmental Issues,""Concepts and Other Useful Information," and "The Arts." Fiction entries are divided primarily by age level, with… [PDF]

Rudoff, Susan (1996). The Fulbright Experience in Mexico 1996: An ESL Application. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (Mexico). This unit examines why the numbers of Mexican immigrants in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes are increasing. In addition, the unit seeks to use cultural information gathered from the Fulbright experience to enrich ESL U.S. history classes with units on Mexico. As students learn about U.S. history, they also gain a basis for comparing the governments of the countries. A 15-item bibliography of recent publications supports the unit. Classroom suggestions for use of the materials are included. (EH)… [PDF]

Clayton-Pedersen, Alma R. (1997). Diversity Opportunity Tool (DOT). Final Report. Vanderbilt University (Tennessee) developed the Diversity Opportunity Tool (DOT), a computer-based interactive videodisk product designed to deal with two major sources of tension and conflict among persons of different racial and ethnic groups: inappropriate behaviors that derive from ignorance and ineptitude and behaviors that are racist in origin and manifest because it is not clear what the university culture will tolerate. DOT is used both to change the behaviors of users and to demonstrate institutional norms of acceptance of racial and ethnic differences among members of the academic community. DOT illustrates authentic stories that show racial discrimination and responses to them that lend themselves to conflict resolution. This report focuses on the process by which DOT was developed, disseminated, and evaluated. Students in a course associated with the project worked to develop the videodisk, which was pilot tested with about 50 freshmen. Following an introduction, the… [PDF]

Winikur, Ilene (1994). Hinduism and the Culture of India. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1994 (India). This packet contains sixth and seventh grade level interdisciplinary lesson outlines about India. Concepts to be developed include: (1) "Geography and Its Impact upon the Development of India's Different Cultures"; (2) "Religion and Philosophy Focusing on Hinduism and Festivals"; (3) "Literature using the Ramayana and Mahabarata"; (4) "Art and Architecture Examining Temples, Sculpture, Music, and Dance-related Arts"; (5) "Political History with the Movement from Maharajas to Democratic Society"; (6) "Structure of Society and the Caste System"; (7) "Food, Clothing, Shelter"; (8) "Family Structure and Gender Roles"; (9) "Marriage including Arranged Marriages and Wedding Celebrations"; (10) "Education, Formal Schooling and Higher Education"; and (11) "Health Concerns, Medical Advancements and Major Illnesses." (EH)… [PDF]

Pipkin, Ruthanne (1994). Women's Life Experiences in Contemporary India. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1994 (India). This unit, intended for high school use, examines the role of women in India as portrayed in selected literature. The books used include: (1) "Women in India: Two Perspectives" (Doranne Jacobson; Susan S. Wadley); (2) "Through Indian Eyes, Volume l. The Wheel of Life" (Donald J. Johnson, Ed.; Jean E. Johnson, Ed.); (3) "Nectar in a Sieve" (Kamala Markandaya); (4) "Jasmine" (Bharati Mukherjee); and (5) "May You Be the Mother of a Hundred Sons" (Elisabeth Bumiller). Suggested questions to focus each reading are provided. (EH)… [PDF]

(1998). Partnership for Change: The NALSAS Strategy. Interim Progress Report of the First Quadrennium of the NALSAS Strategy, 1995-1998. The basic task of the National Asian Languages and Studies in Australian Schools (NALSAS) strategy has been to resource and promote the teaching and learning of Asian languages and studies of Asia in Australian schools. NALSAS focuses on four Asian languages: Chinese (Mandarin), Indonesian, Japanese, and Korean. The studies of Asia are broader, not just focused on the four areas where the selected languages are national languages. It is argued that NALSAS is important for Australia and its future, because Australia must engage more effectively with the region it finds itself. This report highlights the significant activities and achievements that have occurred during the first 4 years of NALSAS and it outlines outcomes to date in terms of increased student participation nationally, increased numbers of schools offering the four priority NALSAS languages, increased numbers of teachers trained or retrained in the four priority NALSAS languages and undergoing significant professional… [PDF]

Giordano, Ralph G. (2000). Hey Pachuco! "That Zoot Suit Can Cause a Riot.". Popular music and films can become vehicles in the study of racial prejudices and stereotypes and provide a framework for understanding the popular opinions of a particular era. At the College of Staten Island, City University of New York, a course incorporates popular music and videos into the study of historical accounts of the 20th century focusing on racial stereotypes. The sometimes-obscure Los Angeles "Zoot Suit Riots" of 1943 come alive with the combination of colorful, energetic, visual and musical references. This paper looks at some themes examined in the course: the social history associated with the "swing" music of the 1930s and 1940s; the reemergence of swing music in the 1990s; the Mexican American "pachuco" youth culture of 1940s Los Angeles, with its flamboyant fashions in clothing; the "railroading" of pachuco youths during the Sleepy Lagoon murder trial and subsequent riots; swing music in films and accompanying portrayals… [PDF]