(1986). Locus of Control and Value Orientations of Adult Learners in Postsecondary Education. The locus of control and value orientations of undergraduate and graduate students in schools of business and education at Virginia Commonwealth University were assessed. Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale and Rokeach's Value Survey were administered to 1,139 students who ranged in age from 18 to over 40. Results indicated that older students were more internally-oriented than younger students in both schools and that males were more internally-oriented than females in the school of business. The terminal and instrumental values given highest priority by students in both schools were identical. There were significant differences between the schools for the values "A World of Peace,""Happiness,""Ambitious," and "Helpful." Partial correlations of terminal and instrumental value rankings with locus of control scores controlled for age and sex indicated that internally-oriented business and education students valued "A Sense of…
(1971). Microteaching: Selected Papers. This is the second of a series of three bulletins dealing with \Supervisory Strategies in Clinical Experiences.\ The first of the two papers, \Microteaching: History and Present Status,\ by James M. Cooper and Dwight W. Allen, begins with a definition of microteaching as a teaching situation which is scaled down in terms of time and numbers of students, but which is not synonymous with simulated teaching, as the teacher, students, and lesson are all \real.\ The history of microteaching from its development in 1963 is outlined, followed by an explanation of the rationale, the uses of microteaching in preservice and inservice training in the Peace Corps, counseling, supervisor training, and the training of college teachers. Research evidence on the effectiveness of microteaching is examined and the teaching skills involved are listed. There is a bibliography of 58 items. The second paper, \Microteaching in Teacher Education Programs,\ by Robert F. Schuck, considers three programs: 1)… [PDF]
(2002). Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board 2002 Statewide Annual Licensure Report. This report provides the licensure examination results for two-year technical associate degrees and one-year certificate programs leading to professions requiring licensure or certification. The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board uses this information as part of its overall assessment of the effectiveness of vocational education programs at community and technical colleges in the state. The 2002 Statewide Annual Licensure Report includes data on 41 licensure/certification examinations ranging from aircraft mechanic and court reporter to surgical assistant and water operator. The data collected includes the number of individuals from each school who took the exam, and the number who passed. Many programs are not included in the Licensure report due to various limitations. This report lists the programs that have inclusion limitations. Statewide examination results for 2001 reported here include the following: (1) 1,506 individuals took the law enforcement, peace…
(1970). Increasing the Options for Wholesome Peer Level Experiences Across Racial, Cultural, and Economic Lines; Highlights of the Eighth National Conference on Equal Educational Opportunity, Washington, D.C., February 19-21, 1970. This booklet is comprised of summaries of contributions to the Eighth National Conference on Equal Educational Opportunity. National Education Association President, George Fischer, expresses views about changing attitudes, cultural differences, Southern school desegregation, busing, and the Nixon administration. Mrs. LaDonna Harris, a Comanche Indian, focuses on the problems of the American Indian people, and contends that Peace Corps work with people of different cultures all over the world is futile when the problems of cultural difference in the United States remain unsolved. Leon Panetta talks of the need for leadership and clear thinking on the issue of desegregation in order to prevent worsening of relations between the races. Roy Innis offers an alternative to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare plan for desegregation. Charles Gonsales, student NEA president, enjoins educators to begin asking some basic questions about the great cleavage between "our… [PDF]
(1997). The State of the World's Children 1997. This report on the well-being of the world's children focuses on the issue of child labor and its impact on children's lives. Chapter 1 provides a historical context for children's rights and highlights the need to guarantee the civil, social, economic, and political rights of children. The chapter shows how the world's course toward peace, equality, development, and justice can be helped by the conviction expressed in the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child that children have the same spectrum of rights as adults. Chapter 2 gives an overview of child labor, its practice in developing and industrialized countries, its origins, the importance of basic education as a deterrence to child labor, and potential actions to prevent the practice. It proposes six steps to end child labor: (1) immediate elimination of hazardous and exploitative child labor; (2) provision of free and compulsory education; (3) wider legal protection; (4) birth registration of all children; (5) data… [PDF]
(1993). Robert Maynard Hutchins: A Memoir. This biography reviews the life of Robert Maynard Hutchins, a leader in higher education in the 20th century, by a long-time friend and colleague. The biography first follows Hutchins' story from his origins as a preacher's son in rural Ohio to Oberlin College, through early success at the Yale Law school where he reformed legal education and influenced the practice of law. Most of the book is about his long tenure as president of the University of Chicago which encompassed university educational reform, establishment of the "Great Books" curriculum and a national Great Books enthusiasm, the McCarthy hearings on communists, World War II, and the development of the atomic bomb. The book then documents Hutchins' activities following the war which emphasized working for peace and social change and a world community. Later in life he settled in Santa Barbara, California and started the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions. The narrative focuses throughout on…
(1988). The Psychological Impact of an Educational Unit about Conflict and Nuclear War on Adolescents. The purpose of this study was to clarify the psychological impact of nuclear issues education on preadolescents in order to obtain data that might be useful in developing public policy concerning the role of nuclear issues education. Teachers presented "Choices," an educational unit on nuclear war and conflict, to sixth, seventh, and eighth grade students, and the effects of the unit on both teachers and students were evaluated with pre- and post-tests. "Choices" was developed to help students understand the power of nuclear weapons, the consequences of their use, and options available to resolve conflict among nations by methods other than nuclear war. The program's purpose is to equip students with the skills and knowledge needed to understand that there are choices are available for achieving world peace. This paper describes the study's methods, procedures, and results. The findings indicated that use of "Choices" tended to reduce teachers and… [PDF]
(1978). Foreign Language Learning for Older Learners: Problems and Approaches. An examination of some of the learning difficulties of Peace Corps volunteers 45 years of age and older who have attempted to learn a second language, combined with a review of research findings on the learning capacity of older learners, reveals areas in which the older learner can be helped to more complete success in foreign language study. Specific recommendations begin with the adjustment of physical classroom conditions such as lighting, temperature, seating, and acoustics. Individual needs and abilities should be defined in terms of prior education, sex, time elapsed since formal education, and previous exposure to foreign languages. Individualized instruction should be emphasized. Instruction will be relevant to older learners if material is drawn from the lives of people their age. Self-pacing should be emphasized instead of speed. The contract approach to attainable short-term goals can be useful. Concentration will be enhanced by breaking material and study periods into… [PDF]
(1992). The Role of Education in the Cultural and Artistic Development of the Individual. Cultural development is the development of knowledge, values, and attitudes bringing about the fulfillment of personalities and their creative capabilities. School in general stresses cognitive development and uses authoritarian methods to impose its view, thereby promoting imitation over initiative and critical thinking. School counterbalances the economic and technical tendencies of the dominant ideology and can promote international understanding and promote peace. Cultural development requires understanding of the past and present. Individuals should be aware of cultural contributions to their nations from other cultures. Such awareness can come through the study of all disciplines: literature, history, the arts, and so on. An interdisciplinary approach is necessary not only because it corresponds to the global character of modern life, but because the rapid pace of change requires teaching that brings about attitudes which are ready to adapt to change. Education should make… [PDF]
(1997). Adult Learning: A Key for the 21st Century. CONFINTEA V Background Papers (Hamburg, Germany, July 14-18, 1997). Adult Education and Development, spec iss. The following papers are included: \Foreword\ (Jakob Horn, Paul Belanger); \Internationalization and Globalization\ (Ove Korsgaard); \Adult Learning and the Challenges of the 21st Century\ (Marc-Laurent Hazoume); \Diversity in Adult Education: Some Key Concepts in Minority and Indigenous Issues\ (Linda King de Jardon); \The Culture of Peace: The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) Perspective\ (David Adams); \Literacy on the Eve of CONFINTEA: Observations, Questions and Action Plans\ (Jean-Paul Hautecoeur); \Learning Gender Justice: The Challenge for Adult Education in the 21st Century\ (Carolyn Medel-Anonuevo); \Adult Education and the Changing World of Work. Focal Points of Change\ (R. Barry Hobart); \Environmental NGOs (Nongovernmental Organizations) and Adult Education as 21st Century Partners in Civil Society–from the Local to the Global Level\ (Rene Karottki); \The Environment: A Unifying Theme for Adult Education\ (Walter Leal Filho);…
(1982). P.E.A.C.E. Project Revisited. In January 1981 the Community Advisory Council of the North Allegheny School District in Pennsylvania undertook a program called Planning for Educational Awareness through Community Examination (PEACE). This program involved a poll of the community to determine the major issues facing schools in the eighties and public opinion about how these issues ought to be addressed. By June 1981, five task forces were at work, focusing on the agenda, data identification, issues clarification, data gathering, and public relations. By September, school administrators had been informed, a preliminary list of issues had been generated, and public forums were scheduled for October. A total of 120 persons–considered a low turnout–attended the forums. The top issues identified included correlation of student needs with educational programs, rising costs of education, school discipline, equitable allocation of funds, and educational excellence. The final report included the ranking of the issues as…
(1997). Recruiting, Preparing and Retaining Teachers for America's Schools Progress Report: Pathways to Teaching Careers. This report describes the DeWitt Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund's Pathways to Teaching Careers Program, which is designed to help increase and diversify the supply of well-trained public school teachers willing to work in low-income schools. Program design drew on findings of leading educational researchers that made a strong case for investing in programs to recruit and prepare nontraditional candidates to become teachers. This included men and women already serving as classroom aides, substitute teachers, or emergency certified teachers in the very schools having staffing problems. The project formed partnerships with schools of education at colleges and universities, mostly in New York City, to begin recruiting nontraditional teachers. In subsequent years, the program was expanded to other regions, and components were added to target paraprofessionals and returned Peace Corps volunteers. Currently, 42 colleges and universities nationwide participate, each using grant money to… [PDF]
(1986). About a Week in Nottingham. Themes from the Conference of the International League for Social Commitment in Adult Education (2nd, Nottingham, England, July 13-18, 1986). The first five papers in these proceedings focus on the organization and process of the International League for Social Commitment in Adult Education (ILSCAE). They are \Product into Process: The International League, Its Background, Organization, and Structure\ (Anette Svensson, Alan Tuckett); \The Language Question\ (John Payne); \Gender Issues\ (Jenny Scribbins); \Education for Women and Parent Education\ (Jenny Scribbins); and \Non-Formal Social Education in Japan and Its Social Commitment\ (Kenji Miwa). Five presentations on literacy are \The Politics of Research: What Should ILSCAE Do?\ (Sue Gardener); \A Legal Literacy Project\ (Lorraine Marx-Singer); \A Tale of Three Cities\ (Ruth Nickse); \A Proposal to Revamp Literacy Education\ (Bonnie Orr); and \Writing and Empowerment: Women in Residence\ (Ruth Lesirge, Jane Mace). The introduction (by Titus Alexander) to Part 3, Across Institutional Barriers, is followed by \The Workshop Workers' Investigations\ (Keith Forrester, Colin…
(1997). Adult Education in Israel, II-III. This is the second booklet in English that deals with adult education in Israel. The following papers are included: "Editors' Notes" (Paul Kirmayer, Noy Pinnes); "Introduction" (Meir Peretz); "Defining 'Adult Education'" (Yehezkel Cohen); "Planning Study Programs for Adults" (Rachel Tokatli); "The Role of Adult Education: Changing the Individual or Changing the Society?" (Maggie Koren); "Adult Education and Lifelong Education" (Paul Kirmayer); "Heretical Reflections Regarding Adults' Motives for 'Being Educated'" (Dov Friedlander); "The 'Unfinished Business' of Training Adult Educators" (Eitan Israeli); "Teaching Peace to Adults: Dare We Practice What We Preach?" (Benyamin Chetkow-Yanoov); "Adult Education in Israel: Policy and Objectives" (Meir Peretz); "Adult Education Comes of Age: Some New Directions" (David Harman); "Creating the Space for the First Word"… [PDF]
(1990). Children and Development in the 1990s: A UNICEF Sourcebook on the Occasion of the World Summit for Children (New York, New York, September 20-30, 1990). This eight-part sourcebook provides background information, data, and references relating to child welfare issues throughout the world. The book is organized around a set of goals for children in the 1990s. An introductory section provides an overview of these goals and strategies for achieving them, and discusses infant and child mortality, population growth, and strategies for helping children survive. Goals that relate to maternal and child health, discussed in part 2, concern primary health care, maternal mortality, immunization, diarrheal diseases, respiratory infections, the spacing of childbirths, and AIDS. Nutritional goals, the subject of part 3, involve the reduction of malnutrition, low birth weight, and iron deficiency anemia; the elimination of iodine and vitamin A deficiencies; and an increase in breastfeeding. Issues relating to water purity and sanitation, especially Guinea worm disease, are considered in part 4. A discussion of basic education in part 5 highlights…