Norris, Marylee K.; And Others (1989). Adaptation of a Screening Test for Bilingual and Bidialectal Populations. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, v20 n4 p381-90 Oct. An adaptation of the Hannah-Gardner Test of Verbal and Nonverbal Language Functioning was developed to be used in screening the language skills of 540 low-income Black, English-dominant Hispanic, and Anglo preschool children. The procedures used to calculate local norms and other issues involved in screening minority populations are discussed. (Author/JDD)…

Hoemann, Harry W.; Kreske, Catherine M. (1995). Proactive Interference & Language Change in Hearing Adult Students of American Sign Language. Sign Language Studies, v86 p45-62 Spr. Describes a study that found, contrary to previous reports, that a strong, symmetrical release from proactive interference (PI) is the normal outcome for switches between American Sign Language (ASL) signs and English words and with switches between Manual and English alphabet characters. Subjects were college students enrolled in their first ASL course. (six references) (LR)…

Perozzi, Joseph A.; And Others (1992). The Effect of Instruction in L1 on Receptive Acquisition of L2 for Bilingual Children with Language Delay. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, v23 n4 p348-52 Oct. Thirty-eight bilingual (Spanish-English) first graders with language delays were compared on rate of receptive acquisition of English prepositions and pronouns. Subjects who received instruction in Spanish prior to instruction in English acquired the English prepositions and pronouns twice as rapidly as subjects who received instruction in English only. (Author/JDD)…

Pease-Alvarez, Lucinda; Winsler, Adam (1994). Cuando el Maestro No Habla Espanol: Children's Bilingual Language Practices in the Classroom. TESOL Quarterly, v28 n3 p507-35 Fall. This study examined the language use practices of three bilingual students enrolled in a fourth-grade class and of the class as a whole. The study found that most children reported using greater amounts of English as they progressed through the grades, and that children consistently held very positive attitudes toward Spanish and bilingualism. (Contains 20 references.) (MDM)…

Faltis, Christian J. (1993). Critical Issues in the Use of Sheltered Content Teaching in High School Bilingual Programs. Peabody Journal of Education, v69 n1 p136-51 Fall. Examines the history and current issues in the use of sheltered content teaching in secondary bilingual programs. After examining key theoretical underpinnings, the article discusses how theoretical principles facilitate development of critical communicative competence and how sheltered content teaching promotes both segregation and social responsibility. (SM)…

Garcia, Ofelia (1993). From Goya Portraits to Goya Beans: Elite Traditions and Popular Streams in U.S. Spanish Language Policy. Southwest Journal of Linguistics, v12 n1-2 p69-86. Identifies the unwritten Spanish language policy in the United States by historically analyzing the different roles that Spanish has had throughout U.S. history. The paper shows how Spanish has been used for the benefit of the Spanish- and English-speaking elite but restricted (or forbidden) as a socioeconomic tool and symbol of identity for less fortunate U.S. Latinos. (Author/SM)…

Lim, Young Sook; Losardo, Angela; Notari-Syverson, Angela (2003). Assessment of Young Children from Culturally Diverse Backgrounds: A Journey in Progress. Assessment for Effective Intervention, v29 n1 p39-51. Alternative assessment approaches to standardized, norm-reference tests are increasingly recommended as best practice for assessing young children, especially those from minority backgrounds. This article discusses the cultural biases of traditional assessment approaches used with preschool- and kindergarten age-children, arguing for the need to broaden assessment practices to meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Four alternative approaches are described that can be integrated into everyday routines and can draw on the observations and interactions with children and families. These approaches are discussed in terms of their relevance to children and families with vastly different backgrounds within a transdisciplinary framework. Recommendations are provided for professionals who wish to adopt these approaches…. [Direct]

Gastellum, David; And Others (1995). A Historical Odyssey: Research of the Opposing Perspectives of the Battle of San Pasqual. A Specially Adapted Unit Plan for Secondary Educational Sheltered/Bilingual Programs. . This lesson plan uses a poem about a specific battle as the starting point for a secondary educational sheltered/bilingual program for limited-English-proficient (LEP) students in San Diego, California. The plan is to use primary and secondary documentation to view both sides of the battle that prompted the writing of the poem. Goals of the program include greater student self-esteem and greater understanding of a historical event through improved reading, writing, and overall expression in the English language. Homework and parent/community involvement activities are suggested, and photos and drawings of relevant places which help to explain the situation are included. Much historical background is provided, including an actual bullet (not included here). (NAV)… [PDF]

(1988). RaPAL Bulletin, Numbers 5-13, 1988-1990. RaPAL Bulletin, v5-13 1988-1990. This document consists of a 3-year compilation (9 issues) of the RaPAL (Research and Practice in Adult Literacy) Bulletin. Typical articles are: "Student Involvement in Research" (a report of a workshop by Alex Golightly, Nick Nicola, and Marilyn Stone); part of a dialogue between Paolo Freire and Ira Shor, writer/educators of Brazil and the United States respectively; "What Counts as Research? Who Does It? How Can It Be Done?" (Jill Barnett); "Travel and Training" (Ruth Lesige, Jane Mace); "Open to Question: Opportunities in ABE" (John Sanders); "Writing for Change" (Jane Pinner et al.); "The US-UK Exchange" (a report of a U.S.-United Kingdom adult literacy conference); "Getting Help with Reading and Writing: The County Offaly Research Project, Ireland" (Jenny Derbyshire, Pauline Hensey); "Issues in Management of Literacy Programs" (Charles Lusthaus, Marie-Helene Adrien); "Myths and Realities in…

Fafunwa, Aliu Babs, Ed.; And Others (1989). Education in Mother Tongue: The Ife Primary Education Research Project (1970-1978). This book makes a case for the mother tongue as the medium of education for the first 12 years of the child's life. It describes Nigeria's 6-Year Primary Project, which taught experimental groups of students in their native Yoruba in varying degrees for their first 6 school years, beginning in 1970. The book shows how the mother-tongue education program was planned, organized, and implemented. Chapter 1 traces the historical background of mother-tongue education, describing educational policy and the primary school system under British rule, and the changes made thereafter. Chapter 2 describes plans for the project including initial goals and funding. Chapters 3 and 4 discuss curriculum development and production, describing how panels developed materials for mathematics, science, social studies, Yoruba, and English instruction. Chapter 5 describes teacher preparation, including workshops and on-the-job training. Chapter 6 describes instructional programs and objectives for each… [PDF]

Ireton, Leroy; Strahorn, Jack (1983). Annual Evaluation Report of Federally-Funded Educational Programs, FY1983. The State Education Agency of Oklahoma presents, as federally required, a report evaluating the results and effectiveness of the Oklahoma State-Federal Programs in the 1983 fiscal year. One purpose of this report is to give an indication of how the Division of State-Federal Programs accomplishes its mission to achieve the goals of Federal programs. A second purpose is to present information which will increase understanding of various Federal programs and facilitate efforts to keep abreast of new developments in Federal programs. A third purpose is to provide information which will show the degree of achievement of Division objectives. These must generally focus on the validation of the programs conducted by local education agencies; thus objectives are stated in terms of what is done at local levels. Data are presented concerning each of the programs utilizing Federal funds for their operation and are organized into information to fulfill each of the three purposes of the report….

Parsons, Tom (1986). The Center for Community Development Annual Report, FY 1985-86. Volume II, Addendum 7. This report summarizes the Humboldt State University (California) Center for Community Development's activities for fiscal year 1985-86. A chronological compilation of 33 selected projects that have yielded durable or permanent functional and organizational consequences is provided, giving the year of initiation (between 1967 and 1985), the name of the project, and the resulting contributions to the community in question. Perhaps the center's best known project is the American Indian Languages and Literature Program which first adapted an internationally acknowledged, easy-to-learn, uniphonetic alphabet to write Indian languages precisely, and then schooled fluent local speakers in its use and dissemination. A state budget is included totaling $263,791 with an additional $102,533 in government funds. Following this is a list of Citizen's Action Projects with names of principal operatives, credit and non-credit courses and other educational meetings, 33 titles published by the…

Crum, Beverly Lorene (1980). Using a Native American Language as a Classroom Teaching Tool: Teaching Shoshoni Poetry. Children responded enthusiastically to a program that used Shoshoni poetry songs to teach some concepts about human languages in general. Twelve children (four Caucasian, eight Native American) in grades 1-3 and their parents met for four 1-hour sessions. The lessons focused on the sound, meaning, and word order of the Shoshoni language; Shoshoni poem songs; Shoshoni instruments; and American Indian rituals. Participants studied four specific Shoshoni poems: Furry Wolf, Our Pet Yampa Dog, My Creation, and What Our Mothers Have Prepared. Participants successfully compared the English and Shoshoni alphabets, learned the meanings of the four poetry songs, learned to sing and dance the songs, made drums and necklaces, and held an honor dance and give away for two children. The children readily learned Shoshoni pronunciation and particpated eagerly in the classes, as did many parents. For each poem, the project report includes the Shoshoni poetry, a free English translation, a text…

Katz, Patricia Hawkins, Ed.; Phillips-Jones, Linda, Ed. (1982). Career Development for Indochinese: A Curriculum Guide. This curriculum guide contains six units covering over 60 hours of lessons on career development designed for Vietnamese, Laotian, and Cambodian students in the United States. Developed for use by counselors, career guidance specialists, vocational instructors, instructors in English as a second language, and other professionals involved in career development for Indochinese, the guide includes instructor guidelines, instructor support materials, and student materials in English as well as in the students' native languages. The suggested lessons and activities are intended to help Indochinese students make more effective career choices by allowing them to compare work settings in the United States and in their native countries; examine their interests, values, attitudes, and desired lifestyles; explore the variety of occupations available in the United States; strengthen their decision-making skills and make wise career choices based on personal assessment; improve job search…

(1984). Materials for Indochinese Students. An Annotated Bibliography. Second Edition. This annotated bibliography focuses on classroom materials for Indochinese students, but also includes teacher-training materials. The bibliography also serves as a practical means of assisting teachers and program coordinators to obtain materials by providing information on publishers, distributors, and listed prices. The bibliography is divided into the following major sections: Indochinese; Vietnamese; Lao and Hmong; Cambodian (Khmer); and Chinese. The above major sections are further subdivided into three subject categories: (1) language arts (includes materials in the primary language or English language and bilingual materials on language arts, dictionaries, readers, translated novels, fables, legends, and fairy tales); (2) social studies (includes materials on the students' culture and history and U.S. History); (3) mathematics and science (includes technical glossaries and dictionaries, bilingual textbooks, and other supplementary materials on mathematics and science). (RDN)…

Goldman, Margery (1980). The Pueblo Revolt of 1680: A Set of Materials for Classroom Learning. Designed to provide supplementary learning materials for use in a teaching unit on the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 and to present materials which utilize an integrated approach to learning, this curriculum project for junior high and high school students includes student materials, a teacher's guide, and a play about the Pueblo Revolt. Following the teacher's guide, section I contains student materials designed to correspond chapter-by-chapter with the content of Franklin Folsom's "Red Power on the Rio Grande," an account of the Pueblo Revolt. The work for each chapter emphasizes a particular written language skill. The skill lessons are written and organized to lead students through a series of steps to good Social Studies essay writing. All skills are taught both in the context of relevant content and in light of a readily visible larger purpose. A Cloze Test and a Group Reading Inventory are provided for use as diagnostic tools. Also included are maps and charts and an…

(1979). Final Report of Sub-Committee on Race Relations. This report provides a program for identifying and eliminating racism in the Toronto school system. It is held that bias in curriculum materials must be removed and that the curriculum should be expanded to include the study of race and race relations. Methods for correctly assessing the abilities of minority students and placing them in appropriate schools are discussed. Techniques are offered for individual schools and the system as a whole for dealing with students and staff who engage in racist behavior. The role of extracurricular activities such as sports, travel and clubs in combatting racism is noted. Inservice programs are suggested as a means of helping staff deal more sensitively with minority group members. Guidelines are also presented for designing hiring and promotional practices in order to achieve a racially diverse staff. Methods are outlined that will help to facilitate continued equal opportunity in staff employment and promotion. Finally, the government's role…

Hernandez, Rafael; And Others (1976). A Manual for Community Representatives of the Title VI Lau Steering Committee. This manual deals with the Lau Center's technical assistance approach for assisting school districts in their efforts to develop an educational master plan to meet compliance guidelines of Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act as it pertains to limited or non-English-speaking students. The following areas are addressed: (1) impact of "Lau v. Nichols" decision on community/parent involvement in an educational master plan, (2) the direct effect of the decision on school districts, (3) minimal Lau remedies, (4) what school districts need to do to comply with the remedies, (5) Lau Centers, (6) the San Diego Lau Center's position on bilingual/bicultural education, (7) the technical assistance process of the San Diego Lau Center, (8) the purpose of Title VI Lau Steering Committee, (9) selection and responsibilities of steering committee members, and (10) community workshop case studies. The case studies are designed to aid in the development of a comprehensive educational master…

Coker, Patricia M.; And Others (1979). Original American Pilot Project Curriculum for Students from Kindergarten through High School. Designed to provide learning experiences related to the culture of Native Americans, this pilot cultural curriculum is intended for use as supplementary material in the Social Studies program for grades K-12. The curriculum is a cooperative effort of the school district and the Indian community and is based on the California Social Sciences Framework. Three major California Social Sciences concepts used in organizing the lessons are: (1) Environment/Resources – students will become aware of the ways that Indians and non-Indians use their environment and resources to provide for their basic needs; (2) Culture/Diversity – students will develop an awareness and appreciation for Indian cultures and recognize Indian contributions and influences upon society; and (3) Interaction/Interdependence – students will become aware of ways that Indian and non-Indian groups affect each other and how varying degrees of dependence are required in such interactions. There are lessons for kindergarten…

Chiavacci, Walter P.; Davey, William G. (1977). Bilingual-Bicultural Education in the Southwest. Since the resurgence of bilingual schooling in the early sixties, the southwestern states have provided substantial leadership in facilitating the growth and development of cultural pluralism and bilingual education. Visible are two types of bilingual education programs: assimilation models which are designed to produce ethnic language shift, and pluralistic models which tend to foster native language and cultural maintenance while acquiring the second linguistic code and culture. Although the earliest bilingual programs in the Southwest were predominantly oriented to the Spanish speaking, current programs have diversified to include various Native American and Asian languages. As bilingual-bicultural programs grow, the need for increased supporting services, adequate teacher training, and effective program evaluation becomes critical. The paper reviews the incidences of bilingualism and lack of educational achievement of non-English minorities in the southwestern states and the… [PDF]

Bergland, D. L.; Zuk, W. M. (1992). Art First Nations: Tradition and Innovation. Intermediate Program Teacher's Guide 2. This comprehensive teacher's guide and 20 laminated art reproductions are part of an instructional resource designed to assist teachers in incorporating Native American studies into the elementary art program and general curriculum. It highlights visual art which is actively being innovated by aboriginal artists throughout North America and focuses on ways important cultural beliefs and values are being renewed through visual expression. These draw on a comparative picture method to show relationships between tradition and innovation by featuring both a traditional and an innovative artist, and encouraging examination of the similarities and differences in those cultures and artworks. Artists and cultures examined are: Unit 1: Southwest, (1) Helen Hardin (Santa Clara Pueblo) and Anonymous (Hopi) and (2) Conrad House (Navajo/Oneida) and Anonymous (Anasazi); Unit 2: Arctic, (1) Edward Kiokan (Eskimo) and Anonymous (Eskimo) and (2) Manasie Akpaliapik (Inuit) and Anonymous (Dorset);…

Gudeman, Roxane Harvey; Marin, Patricia; Maruyama, Geoffrey; Moreno, Jose F. (2000). Does Diversity Make a Difference? Three Research Studies on Diversity in College Classrooms. This report contains three studies on diversity in college classrooms. Following a review of the historical background in the introduction, Part 1, "University Faculty Views about the Value of Diversity on Campus and in the Classroom," offers a discussion of various diversity issues, such as institutional and departmental values; effects on classrooms, research, and teaching; negative effects; student benefits; responses of faculty; and comparisons of male and female responses. Part 2, titled "College Missions, Faculty Teaching, and Student Outcomes in a Context of Low Diversity," analyzes the content of mission statements of top selective liberal arts colleges; discusses the experience at Macalester College; and summarizes the case for diversity. Part 3, "The Educational Possibility of Multi-Racial/Multi-Ethnic College Classrooms," attempts to understand the outcomes that result from interactions among diverse students by describing a qualitative study… [PDF]

Deng, Francis M. (1996). Identity in Africa's Internal Conflicts. American Behavioral Scientist, v40 n1 p46-65 Sep. Identifies and defines four models of internal ethnic conflict and discusses those conflicts within various African nations. The corresponding models and countries include Integration Model: Botswana and Somalia; Managed Diversity Model: Ghana, Cote d'Ivorie, Kenya, and Nigeria; Ambivalent Accommodation Model: Ethiopia and Djibouti; and Acute Identity Crisis Model: South Africa and Sudan. (MJP)…

Banton, Michael (1996). The International Oversight of Ethnic Relations. American Behavioral Scientist, v40 n1 p86-101 Sep. Discusses the lessons that can be drawn from the attempted implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD). Examines the role of ICERD in Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Burundi. Assesses those situations and states where ICERD was most and least effective. (MJP)…

Watts-Warren, Betty (1995). Links between Family Life and Minority Student Achievement: Removing the Blinders. International Journal of Social Education, v9 n2 p11-27 Fall-Win 1994-95. Contends that a range of theories exists in the social science literature about the effects of family processes on the social and academic success of a family's offspring. Identifies major theoretical perspectives that have dominated the literature on families and minority student achievement. (CFR)…

Bernstein, Richard B. (1995). Crossroads: Rethinking American History. Social Science Record, v32 n1 p4-14 Spr. Reports on efforts to develop "Crossroads," a K-16 articulated, content-based, spiral curriculum in United States history. Discusses the historical framework underlying the curriculum. Presents the curriculum's 12-era chronology and 8 substantive themes. (CFR)…

Sears, Alan (1994). Social Studies as Citizenship Education in English Canada: A Review Research. Theory and Research in Social Education, v22 n1 p6-43 Win. Asserts that social studies in North America has been defined most often as fundamentally concerned with preparing students for participation in civic life. Reviews research and summarizes findings on citizenship education in English Canada since 1988. (CFR)…

Winstone, Paul (1996). Managing a Multi-ethnic and Multicultural City in Europe: Leicester. International Social Science Journal, n147 p33-41 Mar. Profiles the English Midlands city of Leicester, an industrial center with a growing immigrant and minority population. Discusses the city government's response to problems concerning jobs, housing, and a racist backlash. The outlook is optimistic as the minority citizens assume new roles in the social and economic community. (MJP)…

Laquian, Aprodicio A. (1996). The Multi-ethnic and Multicultural City: An Asian Perspective. International Social Science Journal, n147 p43-54 Mar. Presents a broad overview of the issues, ethnic groups, and cultural interrelationships defining most large cities throughout Asia. Discusses those aspects of Western colonialism, socialism, and economic growth that have worked to limit racial tension and violence in most Asian cities. Examines municipal and legislative responses to urban problems. (MJP)…

Stren, Richard (1996). Urban Research and Urban Researchers in Developing Countries. International Social Science Journal, n147 p107-19 Mar. Discusses the changing focus, character, and discipline of urban research and how it applies to specific regions. Examines the effects of government/nongovernment funding and the rapid expansion of higher education. Explores ethical dilemmas concerning utilization of urban research data. (MJP)…