(2000). Las bases y fundamentos del derecho indigena del pueblo maya de Guatemala (The Foundations and Principles of Indigenous Rights of the Maya People of Guatemala). Asuntos Indigenas, n1 p18-31. The Guatemalan peace accord recognizes the institutions and local authorities of indigenous peoples, as well as their customs, common lands, and the "customary right" (common law) that structures intracommunity relations. However, it is difficult to define "customary right" and its applications and limits. A systematic study of traditional community rights and practices was carried out in Guatemalan towns and villages speaking six Mayan languages, two multilingual communities, and one that had lost its indigenous language. The study found the Mayan culture to be dynamic and adaptive, but it suffered great changes during the 1980s-90s when political violence and forced migration broke the social and political structure of indigenous communities. Urbanization and access to services, particularly education, have also been forces of change. Findings about Mayan culture, community structure and authority, and the role of the family are presented in these sections: the…
(2003). Columbia: The Economic Foundation of Peace. Chapters 21-28. This document contains 8 chapters of a 35-chapter book that presents a comprehensive diagnosis of current economic, social, and educational conditions in Colombia and their importance to development prospects and the quest for peace. The eight chapters covered here are part of a section titled "Sharing the Fruits of Growth with All Colombians." Chapter 21, "Education" (Eduardo Velez), describes Colombia's education system and current enrollment trends and focuses on seven policy issues: highly inequitable access to schooling, excluding poor and rural children; low, perhaps deteriorating, educational quality; high grade repetition and dropout rates; allocation of public expenditures; growing household demand for schooling; inefficient and inequitable decentralization of education management; and negative impacts of violence and social displacement on schooling. Chapter 22, "Health" (Maria-Luisa Escobar, Panagiota Panopoulou), looks at recent reforms in…
(1982). Value Orientations and the Effects of Professional Schools on Students. The extent to which value orientations of professional students differ by occupational groups and by the socializing effects of professional schools on students was assessed. Approximately 1,150 students in nine major doctoral-granting universities participated. Based on work by Bengtson (1975), a humanism/materialism score was constructed for each professional student by summing scores for respect or recognition, attractive appearance, financial comfort, possessions, sense of accomplishment and skill, and by subtracting scores for a world at peace, service, and ethical life. Collectivism/individualism scores were constructed by summing scores for an exciting life and personal freedom and by subtracting scores for religious participation, loyalty to one's own, and patriotism. Three groups of students were distinguished: full-fledged professions (law and medicine); semi-professions (education, nursing, social work, and librarianship); and private enterprise professions (engineering… [PDF]
(1997). Strategic Goals for 2000. This is the report of the 2000 New Mexico Association of Community Colleges (NMACC) Strategic Planning Conference. Participants worked in small groups to identify the most probable and the most desirable world for the year 2000. Results for the most probable world include: (1) education would be available to many consumers, using many delivery systems with varying quality and affordability; (2) communication technology would make global environment local; (3) politics would have a heavy influence on policy decisions; (4) there would be a growing underclass unprepared for better opportunities; and (5) competencies and accountability would be more valued than traditional measures (such as degrees and transcripts). Results for the most desirable world include: (1) the world would be at peace; (2) each individual would have total economic security; (3) the world would be crime free; and (4) there would be universal health care. The report also includes probable and desirable futures for… [PDF]
(1995). Democratic Action Research in Schools: Methods and Procedures in Educational Innovation. Didaktiske Studier. Studies in Educational Theory and Curriculum, Volume 17. In this book, the chosen theme is the democratic school or, more precisely, the democratization of school processes. Democratization as a concept provides a firm basis for concocting a strong antidote to the norms, standards, and uniformity of the application of market logic to educational analysis and policymaking. By pointing the spotlight directly upon the "differences" between people and groups and how these are both something one has to deal with in some way or other and something that provides possibilities for fruitful, creative life chances, the debate is continually forced open about how to define the "three Es" of market principles in education–economy, efficiency, and effectiveness–as a basis for resistance. The book is divided into the following chapters: (1)"Democratic Action Research Entrances"; (2) "How Are Teachers Important?" (3) "Why Not Just Leave the School in Peace?" (4) "How to Create a More Democratic… [PDF]
(1980). Universities in Partnership. The Inter-University Council and the Growth of Higher Education in Developing Countries 1946-1970. Described are the first 25 years of Britain's Inter-University Council's program to develop university education in the then dependent territories, which has developed into a system of cooperation voluntarily adopted by some 35 overseas universities of different sizes, patterns and roles. Part I, Evolving Policies, examines the foundation for the Inter-University Council, the development and operation of the Asquith plan, the University of London's special relationship scheme, and the factors of change that influence the direction of the program. Part II, The Foundation and Growth of the Universities, examines the development of the university system and the factors affecting it in the following areas: West Africa; East Africa; Central and Southern Africa; Southeast Asia; and the islands and oceans (Malta, Mauritius, the Caribbean, and the Pacific). Part III, The Role of the Inter-University Council, offers insights on the spectrum of partnership and the forms of cooperation. The…
(1997). The Circle Game: Shadows and Substance in the Indian Residential School Experience in Canada. This book develops an alternative account of Canada's operation of Indian residential schools and provides recommendations for undoing what has been done. Derived from a report on residential schooling submitted to the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in October 1994, the book discusses the language and rhetoric surrounding residential schools and argues that existing accounts in various media obscure and misinform about the facts and their interpretation. Rather than undoing the harm done by Indian residential schools, present-day accounts maintain and extend that abominable era. Chapters are: (1) Unanswered Questions/Unquestioned Answers (the "standard" account); (2) Ground Sternly Disputed (critical analysis of "slippery language" related to motives, "mistakes," and apologies); (3) The Events (testimony before Royal Commissions, physical and psychological abuses in Indian residential schools, unsuitable living conditions, church and…
(1991). Pictorial Apprenticeship Program Handbook: A Project Planning Strategy for Preliterate Communities. Women in Development. Intended for community development professionals and volunteers who work with preliterate communities, this illustrated handbook accompanies a library of visual aids that allow rural people to formulate their own projects. (The curriculum, called Pictorial Apprenticeship, transfers the process of project design into visual forms that literate and preliterate villagers can use to design and evaluate their own projects). The handbook is organized in three sections. Following an introduction describing the development, purpose and target readership of the manual, the second section, "Getting Started," introduces the Pictorial Apprenticeship materials, suggests ways a field-based facilitator can construct a presentation board and compile a library of illustrations, and teaches how to build a curriculum to fit specific community needs, monitor activities, and evaluate lessons. In the third and longest section, the five units of the Pictorial Apprenticeship Program are… [PDF]
(1983). Foreign Lanuages in the Schools. Focus, n12. The current situation of foreign language education at all educational levels in the United States, is examined with emphasis on new developments in instruction, testing, and program design. In a section titled "The Foreign Language Crisis," the combination of declining foreign language enrollment and increasing need for language skills in international business and relations is examined. A section entitled "Foreign Language Studies–A Short History" outlines the development of foreign languages as a field of study and the increasing interest in teaching and testing methods in the academic and military sectors. "The New Methodologies" briefly outlines such techniques as the direct method, confluent approach, suggestopedia, and total physical response. A section on "Testing for Oral Proficiency" describes recent efforts to refine testing methods, particularly by drawing on the Foreign Service Institute's Oral Proficiency Interview and providing… [PDF]
(1984). Retraining Displaced Workers–Barriers and Facilitators. Although plant closings and layoffs have been happening for a long time, today's recessions, major changes in the structure of the economy, and a tight job market have combined to make plant closings a more serious problem. Workers are faced with unemployment from both traditional labor-displacing changes, such as the increasing use of robotics; and from unprecedented structural shifts in the economy, such as changes in consumer demand, technology, energy costs, skill requirements, and government policies. Since 1970, almost a million manufacturing jobs have been lost in the automotive, rubber, steel, and other industries in the Northeast and Midwest. Many of these displaced workers will require retraining if they are to find real jobs. On one hand, retraining efforts face the barriers of the lack of resources, capacity, and commitment to make retraining available to mainstream employees in periods of economic recessions and high unemployment intervals in a peace-time economy. On…
(1967). CAREER STAGES AND ORGANIZATIONAL ROLE DECISIONS OF TEACHERS IN TWO PUBLIC JUNIOR COLLEGES. ROLE ATTITUDES AND CAREER ACTIONS OF THREE TYPES OF JUNIOR COLLEGE TEACHER AT TWO SIZES OF COLLEGE ARE ANALYZED. THE TEACHERS ARE THOSE WHO (1) COME FROM HIGH-SCHOOL TEACHING, (2) COME FROM A 4-YEAR INSTITUTION, AND (3) COME DIRECTLY FROM GRADUATE SCHOOL. THE FIRST GROUP CONSIDERS THE JUNIOR COLLEGE AN ADVANCEMENT, ALREADY ENJOYS TEACHING, HAS NO INTEREST IN RESEARCH, HAS SUPERIOR SUBJECT MATTER KNOWLEDGE, AND APPRECIATES THE HIGHER PAY. FOR THESE REASONS, AND BECAUSE OF LONG-STANDING INVOLVEMENT IN THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE, MEMBERS OF THIS GROUP ARE UNLIKELY TO MOVE EXCEPT HORIZONTALLY AND REGIONALLY. THE FORMER PROFESSORS HAVE VARIOUS REASONS FOR ACCEPTING JUNIOR COLLEGE WORK, WHICH THEY CONSIDER SOMETHING OF A DEMOTION. THE \PUBLISH OR PERISH\ SYSTEM OR EVEN THE OVER-EMPHASIS ON DEGREES CAN BE DISTASTEFUL TO SOME, AND THEY MAKE A READY ADJUSTMENT TO THE TEACHING ROLE. THE COMPARATIVE PEACE AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE JUNIOR COLLEGE AND, IN TIME, A GROWING IDENTIFICATION WITH THE…
(1990). Working Papers in Art Education, 1989-1990. Working Papers in Art Education, n8-9 1989-1990. This publication presents manuscripts and research reports by graduate students. Accompanying papers from their mentors establish a context for the student papers. In this double volume the works are organized by sponsoring university. Student papers presented are: (1) "Looking, Talking, and Experiencing Art with Preschoolers" (Shari Stoddard); (2) "Feminist Art Criticism: Issues in Feminist Criticism Written about the Work of May Stevens" (Elizabeth Garber); (3) "In What Ways Can Objects of Utility Be Considered as Appropriate Study for Art Education? An Inquiry Grounded in British and American Contexts, 1832-1988" (Paul Sproll); (4) "Artist, Teacher, Scholar, Organizational Leader, Administrator, Collector: Art Educators' Beliefs about Roles and Status" (Thomas Ritenbaugh); (5)"The Influence of Structural Dimensions on Similarity /Dissimilarity Judgement when Categorizing Paintings: A Developmental Study Proposal" (John Hughley);… [PDF]
(2008). Rethinking Early Childhood Education. Rethinking Schools, Ltd "Rethinking Early Childhood Education" is alive with the conviction that teaching young children involves values and vision. This anthology collects inspiring stories about social justice teaching with young children. Included here is outstanding writing from childcare teachers, early-grade public school teachers, scholars, and parents. This book shows how educators can nurture empathy, an ecological consciousness, curiosity, collaboration, and activism in young children. It invites readers to rethink early childhood education, reminding them that it is inseparable from social justice and ecological education. An outstanding resource for childcare providers, early-grade teachers, as well as teacher education and staff development programs. This book is divided into eight parts. Part One, "Prioritize Anti-Bias, Culturally Sensitive Teaching and Learning," contains the following: (1) What Color Is Beautiful? (Alejandro Segura-Mora); (2) Why an Anti-Bias Curriculum?… [Direct]
(2000). Conference on "The Initial and In-Service Training of History Teachers in South East Europe" (Athens, Greece, September 28-30, 2000). The Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe was adopted by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the European Union in Cologne (Germany). They were subsequently endorsed by 40 partner countries and international organizations which undertook to strengthen the countries of Southeastern Europe in their efforts to foster peace, democracy, respect for human rights and economic prosperity to achieve stability in the whole region. Three working tables were established: (1) "Democratization and Human Rights"; (2) "Economic Reconstruction"; and (3) "Security Issues." The conference, organized jointly by the Council of Europe and the Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs in Greece, was the first of a planned series of activities and projects on the training of history teachers in the region. It was initiated under the framework for action of working table 1 of the Stability Pact. The conference report is divided into eight sections: (1)…
(1996). Learning from Each Other. The Official Proceedings of the International Symposium of Japan-America Societies (1st, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 18-21, 1995). This book provides a compilation of addresses and panel presentations from the 1995 International Symposium of Japan-America Societies. Twenty-nine eminent speakers and presenters, authorities on topics ranging from economics to education, shared dialogue with delegates who gathered for the first-ever meeting of members of Japan-America Societies from both sides of the Pacific. The introductory materials and overview contain the observations of the editor, compiled from notes taken during the conference and supplemented by audiotapes provided by Simul International. The second section of the Proceedings contains the documents of those presenting the keynote addresses and panel sessions, which were the substance of the Symposium. The seven panel session topics (with presenters) included: (1) "Japan and America, 1945-1995: Peace, Progress, Partnership" (Robert Scalapino; Yukio Matsuyama; Akira Iriye; Nagayo Homma); (2) "The U.S.-Japan Relationship and Security in… [PDF]